לַמְנַצֵּ֣חַ אַל־תַּ֭שְׁחֵת לְדָוִ֣ד מִכְתָּ֑ם בְּבָרְח֥וֹ מִפְּנֵי־שָׁ֝א֗וּל בַּמְּעָרָֽה׃
For the Leader; Al-tashheth. [A Psalm] of David; Michtam; when he fled from Saul, in the cave.
Rashi on Psalms
For the conductor, al tashcheth David called this psalm by this name because he was near death, and he established this psalm, saying, “Do not destroy me, O Lord.”